This guide outlines what to expect if you're considering solar panels for your home

How Do Solar Panels Work?

Solar PV panels generate electricity by converting daylight into direct current (DC) power using semiconducting materials such as silicon.This electricity is then converted into alternating current (AC) via an inverter, making it compatible with standard household appliances.

Panels are typically mounted on roofs, though ground-mounted systems are also an option in rural settings. The panels generate electricity whenever there is daylight — not just in full sunshine — and can continue producing energy even on overcast days, though output will be lower.

‍Do Solar Panels Work in Northern Ireland?

Yes. While Northern Ireland does not have the same solar intensity as southern Europe, solar panels here still generate a substantial amount of electricity throughout the year. The country receives an average of 1,000–1,100 kWh of solar energy per square metre annually - sufficient for small- to medium-scale residential systems.

The moderate climate can also benefit solar panel performance, as extreme heat can reduce the efficiency of PV systems.

Is My Roof Suitable?

Several factors determine whether a solar PV system will be effective on a particular property:

• Orientation: South-facing roofs receive the most sunlight, but east- and west-facing roofs work fine. North-facing roofs are less ideal.
• Angle: A roof pitch of around 35° is considered optimal, but panels can still function effectively at different angles.
• Shading: Trees, chimneys, or nearby buildings that cast shadows for large parts of the day will reduce energy generation.
• Space: An average 3-bedroom house will typically require space for 8 - 16 panels, depending on energy needs.

Our experienced surveyors will carry out a site survey to determine suitability and expected generation.

Should I Add a Battery?

A battery stores excess solar electricity for later use, particularly useful in the evenings when panels are no longer generating. However, the economics depend on your usage pattern. Homes with high evening electricity use may benefit more. Battery systems can also be useful for those seeking energy independence or backup during outages, though grid outages in Northern Ireland are relatively rare.

What’s Involved in the Installation?

The installation process typically includes:

1. Initial Survey & Design – A site assessment to determine roof suitability and system layout.

2. Panel Mounting – Rails and brackets fixed to the roof structure.

3. Panel Installation – Panels secured and wired to the inverter.

4. Inverter & Meter Setup – Connects the system to your home’s electrical system.

5. Testing & Certification – The system is commissioned and registered with the relevant certification schemes (e.g. MCS).

Installations take typically a day, depending on system size, complexity and weather conidtions.

How are Systems Maintained?

Solar PV systems require minimal maintenance:

• Visual checks a couple of times a year to spot dirt, debris, or shading issues.
• Cleaning – In Northern Ireland’s rainy climate, cleaning may only be necessary every 5–10 years unless you live in a particularly dusty or coastal area.

Can Solar Panels work with EV Charging or Heat Pumps?

Yes. Solar PV integrates well with other low-carbon technologies:

• EV chargers: Some models allow you to prioritise solar energy for vehicle charging.
• Heat pumps: Air-source or ground-source heat pumps can run partially on solar     electricity, reducing the running costs.
• Home batteries: Useful for load-shifting and maximising solar use overnight.

Systems can be designed holistically if you're planning to install more than one type of low-carbon technology.

Why Act Now with Power IQ?

We provide reliable solar PV and battery systems, tailored to your needs. We ensure transparent pricing and high-quality installation, backed by local insight. Already curious? Join the solar wave with Power IQ and be part of Northern Ireland’s energy transformation. Get in touch.